简单句的中等扩展插入语同位语

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本讲承接上篇非谓语动词，讲简单句中等扩展的另外两种形式，插入语和同位语。

插入语

插入语是在句子中插入的单词、短语或分句，借以表达注解的信息或说话人判断等。插入语可以是单词，短语和句子。插入语的一大标志是，起状语作用，去掉后不影响根本句意。

No one, after all, is an isolated island.

毕竟，没有人是孤岛。

I think I can trust you. However, I’ve found you don’t deserve that.

我认为我可以相信你。然而， 我发现你不值得信任。

It seems there is an accident.

好像发生了事故。

Speaking Cantonese in public, as far as I know, is not a common practice in Canton province.

据我所知，在公众场合讲粤语，并不是广东省的惯例。

Being with you is so boring, which is to say, we are not for each other.

和你在一起真没劲，也就是说，我们在一起不合适。

常见的单词和短语插入语有：

after all, luckily, on the other hand, moreover, for example, therefore, in the end…..

常见的句子插入语有：

I think, I know, you know, as far as I know, that is, that is to say......

有的插入语并不把句子断为两截，而且在句首或句末，但它们仍然是插入语。

同位语

同位者，同等地位也。同位语通常在其同位的成分之后，对其补充说明。

被同位的成分大多是名词性的，所以常见的是主语，宾语和表语的同位语

My grandparents had five children,

two sons and three daughters.

我的祖父母有五个孩子，两个儿子和三个女儿。

five children和two sons and three daughters同位，都是表语。

You，my best friend, should not have betrayed me.

你，作为我的好朋友，不该背叛了我。

You和my best friend同位，都是主语。

I like Francis Bacon’s proses, especially On Reading.

我喜欢培根的散文，尤其是论读书。

Francis Bacon’s proses和On Reading同位，都是宾语。