分页标题#e#
What have you been doing?(a)
What have you done?(b)
(a)句表示惊异。(b)句只是一个问题。
Have you been waiting long?(a)
Have you waited long?(b)
(a)句较(b)句生动。又,(a)句比较口语化。
I have been wanting to meet you for long.(a)
I have long wanted to meet you.(b)
(a)句比(b)句更亲切,更有礼貌。
Recently Mary has been doing her work regularly.(a)
Recently Mary has done her work regularly.(b)
(a)句显然是在表扬玛丽。(b)只说明一个事实。
下面还有一例,颇为有趣:
Who"s been eating my apples?(a)
Who"s eaten my apples?(b)
(a)句有强烈的感情色彩,表示愤怒不满,(b)句只是希望回答的一个问题。又,(a)句兼有进行时态,所以有“苹果未被全部吃光”的意思,(b)句是完成时态,说明“苹果一个不剩了”。
(6)在否定结构中,现在完成时所否定的是谓语动词,现在完成进行时所否定的是状语。如:
He hasn"t been speaking since three o"clock.(a)
He hasn"t spoken since three o"clock.(b)
(a)句中所否定的不是has been speaking,而是 since three o"clock,其结构等于 He has been speaking not since three o"clock but since half past three.这是因为现在完成进行时本身是没有否定结构的原故。(b)句用的是现在完成时,而现在完成时是有否定结构的,所以(b)句中所否定的自然是 has spoken,意即“从三点起他一直沉默不语,未发一言”。
(责任编辑:郭英杰)